What is defined as a criminal offense that is neither treason nor a felony?

The term that refers to a criminal offense that is neither treason nor a felony is a misdemeanor. Misdemeanors are typically less severe than felonies and can include offenses such as petty theft, disorderly conduct, or simple assault. They usually carry lighter penalties, which can include fines, community service, or short-term imprisonment, typically less than one year.

In contrast, an infraction refers to a violation that is less serious than a misdemeanor, often resulting in a citation or a fine rather than jail time. Felonies represent more serious crimes, such as murder or armed robbery, leading to harsher penalties including long-term imprisonment or even capital punishment in some jurisdictions. An indictment is a formal charge or accusation of a serious crime, usually related to felonies, and does not categorize offenses as misdemeanors or infractions. Therefore, the definition of misdemeanor directly aligns with the given criteria of being a criminal offense that is neither treasonous nor a felony.