What is defined as improper influence exerted by one dominant person over another without the threat of harm?

The choice identifying 'undue influence' is appropriate because this term refers specifically to a situation where one party exerts excessive and improper influence over another, often in a way that takes advantage of the relationship between the individuals involved. This influence is characterized by the absence of overt threats or force; instead, it relies on a power imbalance where the dominant party uses their position to sway the decisions or actions of the other person.

In legal and ethical contexts, undue influence typically arises in scenarios such as estate planning or contracts where one individual may exploit their relationship with another, effectively overriding the latter's free will. This is distinct from coercion, which implies threats or harm; manipulation might involve deceit or trickery rather than a direct influence dynamic; and pressure, while it conveys a sense of urging someone to act in a particular way, does not fully encompass the exploitative nature of the influence implied in undue influence.

This nuanced understanding of undue influence is crucial in contexts such as legal affairs, where the integrity of consent and decision-making is essential.