What is the term for providing a logical reason that is not the actual reason for an action?

The term that refers to providing a logical reason that is not the actual reason for an action is known as rationalization. Rationalization involves creating a seemingly logical explanation for behaviors or decisions that may otherwise be based on emotional responses, biases, or other flawed reasoning. This concept is significant because it helps individuals convince themselves or others of the legitimacy of their choices, even when those choices might not align with their true motivations or ethical standards.

In psychology, rationalization serves as a defense mechanism, allowing people to protect their self-esteem and maintain a favorable self-image by justifying their actions in a way that distorts reality. This technique can be observed in various contexts, from everyday decision-making to more complex social behaviors. Understanding rationalization can be crucial for analyzing human behavior and motivations in both personal and professional settings.