What type of load refers specifically to variation in applied weight over time?

The term that specifically refers to the variation in applied weight over time is dynamic load. This type of load occurs when forces or weights are applied to a structure in a changing manner, such as when an object moves or changes shape, causing fluctuations in weight or pressure.

Dynamic loads include factors like moving vehicles, machinery in operation, and wind or seismic activity that create variability. In contrast, static loads are constant and do not change over time, while impact loads are a type of dynamic load characterized by a sudden force applied over a short duration. Understanding dynamic loads is crucial for engineers and architects to design structures that can safely withstand variable conditions throughout their lifespan.