What type of offense is characterized as being punishable by confinement in prison or by death?

The type of offense characterized as being punishable by confinement in prison or by death is identified as a felony. Felonies are serious crimes that typically involve severe penalties, which can include incarceration for more than one year or the possibility of capital punishment in certain jurisdictions. This classification of crime is distinct from misdemeanors or infractions, which carry lighter penalties such as fines or shorter jail time, and generally do not involve imprisonment that lasts longer than one year.

Understanding the classification of crimes is crucial, as it underlines the legal seriousness of various offenses. Felonies often include crimes like murder, rape, and armed robbery, which impact public safety and societal order, thus warranting harsher consequences. This legal distinction ultimately reflects society's prioritization of maintaining safety and administering justice effectively.