Which law prohibits wage discrimination based on sex?

The Equal Pay Act of 1963 specifically addresses wage discrimination based on sex. It was enacted as an amendment to the Fair Labor Standards Act and aims to eliminate the wage gap between men and women performing the same work in the same establishment. The law requires that men and women be given equal pay for equal work, recognizing that any disparity in wages is unjustifiable unless it is based on seniority, merit, quantity, or quality of production.

The other options have different focuses: The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, but it is broader in scope and not solely focused on wages. The Fair Labor Standards Act primarily establishes minimum wage and overtime provisions. Title IX is about preventing sex-based discrimination in educational programs and activities that receive federal funding, which is not directly related to wage discrimination in the workplace. Thus, the Equal Pay Act stands out as the law that directly addresses wage equality based on sex.