Which term describes equal rights, duties, and governing powers for both males and females?

The term that describes equal rights, duties, and governing powers for both males and females is egalitarianism. This concept emphasizes the belief in human equality, particularly regarding social, political, and economic rights and responsibilities. In an egalitarian society, individuals are afforded the same opportunities and privileges, regardless of gender, promoting fairness and justice in treatment and access to resources.

Egalitarianism serves as a foundation for advocating gender equality, challenging systems that have historically favored one gender over another. It supports the idea that men and women should have the same level of influence and involvement in decision-making processes, fostering a balanced and just society.

In contrast, the other terms represent different social structures or concepts. Patriarchy refers to a system where men hold primary power, matriarchy represents a society led or dominated by women, and plutocracy denotes a government or society where the wealthy hold power. Each of these terms signifies an imbalance or hierarchy, which is not in line with the principles of egalitarianism.